Background Studies have found that toxic heavy metals exposure could induce the
generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and is of epigenetic effect, which might be�…

Background and aim Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental illness
characterized by difficulties in social communication and repetitive behaviors. There have�…

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental
disorder that affects cognitive and higher cognitive functions. Increasing prevalence of ASD�…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurobehavioral disorder that is believed to
be multifactorial in origin. As the incidence of ASD is rising along with industrialization, and�…

Environmental factors have been associated with the etiology of autism spectrum disorder
ASD in recent times. The involvement of toxic metals in the generation of reactive oxygen�…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder that
may be related to trace elements. However, reports on the relationship between them are�…

Environmental exposure to lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd),
manganese (Mn), and aluminum (Al) has been associated with neurodevelopmental�…

Inorganic arsenic (iAs) and lead (Pb) rank first and second on the US Environmental
Protection Agency's priority list of hazardous substances. Both are known neurotoxic metals�…

Background and Objectives There is a likelihood of a possible relationship between the
concentrations of copper, lead, and mercury and autism. The present review was carried out�…

Background Prenatal exposure to toxic metals or variations in maternal levels of essential
elements during pregnancy may be a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders such as�…