The two β-arrestins, β-arrestin-1 and-2 (systematic names: arrestin-2 and-3, respectively),
are multifunctional intracellular proteins that regulate the activity of a very large number of�…

The metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor family consists of group I receptors (mGlu1 and
mGlu5) that are positively coupled to phospholipase-C and group II (mGlu2 and mGlu3) and�…

Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a leading inherited cause of autism and intellectual disability,
resulting from a mutation in the FMR1 gene and subsequent loss of its protein product�…

BACKGROUND FXLEARN, the first-ever large multisite trial of effects of disease-targeted
pharmacotherapy on learning, was designed to explore a paradigm for measuring effects of�…

The involvement of the mGlu5 receptors in the pathophysiology of several forms of
monogenic autism has been supported by numerous studies following the seminal�…

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by
intellectual disability and is related to autism. FXS is caused by mutations of the fragile X�…

Little is known of the brain mechanisms that mediate sex-specific autism symptoms. Here,
we demonstrate that deletion of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-risk gene, Pten, in�…

Astrocytes have an important role in neuronal maturation and synapse function in the brain.
The interplay between astrocytes and neurons is found to be altered in many�…

Fragile X syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by silencing of the fragile X
messenger ribonucleotide gene. Patients display a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from�…

Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) binds a selected set of mRNAs and proteins to
guide neural circuit assembly and regulate synaptic plasticity. Loss of FMRP is responsible�…