The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has a near-ubiquitous presence in the
neuroscience of cognitive control. It has been implicated in a diversity of functions, from�…

Determining the psychological, computational, and neural bases of confidence and
uncertainty holds promise for understanding foundational aspects of human metacognition�…

Emotional states of consciousness, or what are typically called emotional feelings, are
traditionally viewed as being innately programmed in subcortical areas of the brain, and are�…

Intelligent animals devote much time and energy to exploring and obtaining information, but
the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We review recent developments on this�…

People are often aware of their mistakes, and report levels of confidence in their choices that
correlate with objective performance. These metacognitive assessments of decision quality�…

Ability in various cognitive domains is often assessed by measuring task performance, such
as the accuracy of a perceptual categorization. A similar analysis can be applied to�…

This paper outlines a hierarchical Bayesian framework for interoception,
homeostatic/allostatic control, and meta-cognition that connects fatigue and depression to�…

The primate prefrontal cortex (PFC) subserves our highest order cognitive operations, and
yet is tremendously dependent on a precise neurochemical environment for proper�…

The prefrontal cortex participates in a variety of higher cognitive functions. The concept of
working memory is now widely used to understand prefrontal functions. Neurophysiological�…

Perceptual decision making is the process by which animals detect, discriminate, and
categorize information from the senses. Over the past two decades, understanding how�…