Community‐based studies have consistently shown a sex ratio heavily skewed towards
males in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The factors underlying this predominance of�…

Background Marked sex differences in autism prevalence accentuate the need to
understand the role of biological sex-related factors in autism. Efforts to unravel sex�…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a male-to-
female prevalence of 4: 1. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying this gender�…

Autism is an extensively studied disorder in which the gender disparity in prevalence has
received much attention. In contrast, only a few studies examine gender differences in�…

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is diagnosed three to four times more frequently in males
than in females. Genetic studies of rare variants support a female protective effect (FPE)�…

Male sex is a strong risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The leading theory for a"
female protective effect"(FPE) envisions males and females have" differing thresholds"�…

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has historically been studied, known, and diagnosed in
males. Females tend to remain unidentified, especially those with average intelligence�…

Background Autism spectrum conditions have been characterised as an extreme
presentation of certain male-typical psychological traits. In addition, several studies have�…

This study tests the empathizing-systemizing (ES) theory of sex differences and the extreme
male brain (EMB) theory of autism. Three groups of participants took part: n= 48 people with�…

The 'extreme male brain theory of autism'describes an extreme male pattern of cognitive
traits defined as strong systemising abilities paired with empathising weaknesses in autism�…