There continues to be intense public, professional, and scientific focus on the welfare of
animals in zoos and aquariums, but implementing welfare assessment tools consistently�…

Across the world there are many different species of wild animals maintained in zoological
institutions of one sort or another for a variety of purposes. Their welfare is directly�…

Zoological institutions are in urgent need of identifying and implementing welfare
assessment tools that allow for ongoing, quantitative monitoring of individual animal well�…

Zoos are increasingly implementing formalized animal welfare assessment programs to
allow monitoring of welfare over time, as well as to aid in resource prioritization. These�…

The assessment of animal welfare relates to investigations of how animals try to cope with
their environment, and how easy or how difficult it is for them to do so. The use of rigorous�…

The welfare of animals under human care has become a major concern in many parts of the
world over the last several decades. The public's concern for the welfare of animals in zoos�…

There are gaps in knowledge that hinder our ability within zoos to provide good animal
welfare. This does not mean that zoos cannot or do not provide good welfare, only that�…

In recent years, zoos and aquaria have intensified efforts to develop approaches and tools
for assessing the welfare of populations and individual animals in their care. Advances�…

An emphasis on ensuring animal welfare is growing in zoo and aquarium associations
around the globe. This has led to a focus on measures of welfare outcomes for individual�…

Attempts to improve animal welfare have commonly centered around three broad
objectives:(1) to ensure good physical health and functioning of animals,(2) to minimize�…