This volume of Progress in Brain Research documents recent developments and research
findings in relation to sex and how the brain's function and behavior differs from men to�…

Sex Differences in the Central Nervous System offers a comprehensive examination of the
current state of sex differences research, from both the basic science and clinical research�…

Within the basic and clinical biomedical research community, there is increasing recognition
that differences between males and females across the lifespan affect an individual's health�…

Studies of sex differences in the brain range from reductionistic cell and molecular analyses
in animal models to functional imaging in awake human subjects, with many other levels in�…

Publisher Summary Converging lines of research suggest that sex differences may
modulate healthy behavior across the lifespan as well as brain structure and function. Sex�…

Contrary to popular belief, sex hormones act throughout the entire brain of both males and
females via both genomic and nongenomic receptors. Many neural and behavioral functions�…

In 2001 the Institute of Medicine, a branch of the National Academy of Sciences in the USA,
concluded that many aspects of both normal and pathological brain functioning exhibit�…

Female and male humans are different. As simple and obvious as that statement is, in
biomedical research there has been an historical tendency to either not consider sex at all or�…

A substantial number of studies provide evidence documenting a variety of sex differences
in the brain. It remains unclear whether sexual differentiation at the neural level is related to�…

Although considerable progress has been made in our understanding of brain function,
many questions remain unanswered. The ultimate goal of studying the brain is to�…