Attempts to improve animal welfare have commonly centered around three broad
objectives:(1) to ensure good physical health and functioning of animals,(2) to minimize�…

In recent years, zoos and aquaria have intensified efforts to develop approaches and tools
for assessing the welfare of populations and individual animals in their care. Advances�…

The assessment of animal welfare relates to investigations of how animals try to cope with
their environment, and how easy or how difficult it is for them to do so. The use of rigorous�…

What is animal welfare? Why has it proved so difficult to find a definition that everyone can
agree on? This concise and accessible guide is for anyone who is interested in animals and�…

Scientific research on 'animal welfare'began because of ethical concerns over the quality of
life of animals, and the public looks to animal welfare research for guidance regarding these�…

Much progress has been made toward assessing and improving animal welfare in
conservation. However, several glaring knowledge gaps remain where animal‐welfare�…

There are gaps in knowledge that hinder our ability within zoos to provide good animal
welfare. This does not mean that zoos cannot or do not provide good welfare, only that�…

Animal welfare is a growing public concern that has the potential to undermine the social
license of zoos and aquariums. The lack of consensus on how animal welfare is defined�…

Here, I provide a guide for those new to the burgeoning field of animal welfare science as to
what this comprehensive, relatively young discipline is all about. Drawing on all branches of�…

Increasingly, human activities, including those aimed at conserving species and ecosystems
(conservation activities) influence not only the survival and fitness but also the welfare of�…