Simple Summary To retain social license to operate, achieving and maintaining high
standards of animal welfare need to be institutional priorities for zoos. In order to be�…

Zoos are increasingly implementing formalized animal welfare assessment programs to
allow monitoring of welfare over time, as well as to aid in resource prioritization. These�…

The assessment of animal welfare relates to investigations of how animals try to cope with
their environment, and how easy or how difficult it is for them to do so. The use of rigorous�…

There continues to be intense public, professional, and scientific focus on the welfare of
animals in zoos and aquariums, but implementing welfare assessment tools consistently�…

Animal welfare monitoring is an essential part of zoo management and a legal requirement
in many countries. Historically, a variety of welfare audits have been proposed to assist zoo�…

There are gaps in knowledge that hinder our ability within zoos to provide good animal
welfare. This does not mean that zoos cannot or do not provide good welfare, only that�…

Simple Summary Zoo animal welfare is a high priority for many institutions. Modern zoos try
to ensure that animals are housed and managed at high standards, using animal welfare�…

Simple Summary Maintaining a high standard of animal welfare is essential in zoos, and
methods of animal welfare assessment should aim to evaluate positive as well as negative�…

Nonhuman animal welfare science is the scientific study of the welfare state of animals that
attempts to make inferences about how animals feel from their behavior, endocrine function�…

There has been a growing interest in developing and implementing animal welfare
assessment schemes on farm, in zoos, in experimental situations and even in the wild�…