In this study, a systematic review of randomized clinical trials conducted from January 2000
to December 2023 was performed to examine the efficacy of psychobiotics—probiotics�…

This review aims to present a comprehensive state-of-the-art analysis of the bidirectional
crosstalk between gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS). The literature�…

Context: The theory that supplemented probiotic bacteria could affect psychological
outcomes has recently been outlined in narrative reviews; to date, however, this area of�…

Depression is a common disease worldwide. WHO (2017) has estimated more than 300
million people in the world suffer from depression. It is estimated that 20% of the world�…

Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms shown to improve human health when consumed
regularly and in sufficient quantities. Numerous health benefits can be attained by�…

Microbial therapeutics, which include gut biotics and fecal transplantation, are interventions
designed to improve the gut microbiome. Gut biotics can be considered as the�…

The disruption of the gut microbial composition, defined as dysbiosis, has been associated
with many neurological disorders with inflammatory components. The alteration of the gut�…

The digestive system is involved in providing both regulatory and biochemical signaling to
the nervous system via the gut–brain axis. Major brain neurotransmitters within the enteric�…

The use of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics or fermented foods can modulate the gut-brain
axis and constitute a potentially therapeutic intervention in psychiatric disorders. This�…

Here, we define a psychobiotic as a live organism that, when ingested in adequate amounts,
produces a health benefit in patients suffering from psychiatric illness. As a class of probiotic�…